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Transmission spectra of a 1.6-Earth-radius world in the habitable zone of a nearby M-dwarf show a convincing CO2 absorption feature at 4.3 microns.

Regulators signed off on a demonstration flight that will attempt propellant transfer in low Earth orbit before a soft landing near the lunar south pole.

Three years of additional millisecond-pulsar data push the Hellings-Downs correlation past five sigma, favouring a population of supermassive black hole binaries.

Reanalysed mass-spectrometry data reveals branched organic molecules that are difficult to produce without sustained hydrothermal activity.

Rapid spectroscopy of a neutron-star merger afterglow tracks lanthanide production hour by hour, tightening models of where heavy elements come from.

A 4-laser guide star system locked onto the sky for the first time, correcting atmospheric turbulence across a 39-metre segmented aperture.

The mission will map cloud-deck chemistry and probe the surprising ultraviolet absorber that darkens Venus's upper atmosphere.